2017 - Transplantation Science Symposium


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Tailored Immunosuppression and Chronic Rejection

8.42 - Local microRNA modulation is a suitable way to prevent in-stent restenosis and coronary allograft arteriosclerosis

Presenter: Xiaomeng, Hu, San Francisco, United States
Authors:

LOCAL MICRORNA MODULATION IS A SUITABLE WAY TO PREVENT IN-STENT RESTENOSIS AND CORONARY ALLOGRAFT ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

Sonja Schrepfer 0,0,0; Dong Wang 0,0,0; Tobias Deuse 0,0,0,0; Mandy Stubbendorff 0,0; Ekaterina Chernogubova 0; ReinholdG. Erben 0; Suzanne M. Eken 0; Hong Jin 0; Christian Heeger 0; Boris Behnisch 0; Hermann Reichenspurner 0; Robert C. Robbins 0; Joshua M. Spin 0; PhilipS. Tsao 0; Lars Maegdefessel 0

2TSI-Laboratory, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; 3TSI-Laboratory, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, United States; 4Cardiovascular Research Center Hamburg (CVRC) and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Reserach), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, United States; 5Cardiovascular Surgery , University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, United States; 6Department of medicine, Atherosclerosis Reserach Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, United States; 7Universtity of of Veterinary Medicine, Universtity of of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, United States; 8Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Clinic St. Georg, Hamburg, United States; 9Translumina GmbH, Translumina GmbH, Hechingen, United States; 10Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; 11Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford Cardiocascular Institute , Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States

Introduction: Coronary allograft arteriosclerosis is the major cause of organ graft loss after heart transplantation. The underlying pathophysiological process is myointima hyperplasia (MH), which is characterized by augmented vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as crucial regulators during MH development. Modulation of miRNAs may offer attractive concepts for possible therapeutic interventions. However, since systemic miRNA modulation is feared to cause off-target effects, this would hamper its clinical use. We therefore aimed to locally modulate miRNA expression using coated stents.

Methods: Balloon-injured human internal mammary arteries (IMAs) with or without stent were transplanted into the aortic position of RNU rats. Screening of miRNA candidates associated with vascular (patho)physiology, showed that 7 out of 8 miRNAs were down-regulated and only miR-21 was upregulated. Therefore, therapeutic miR-21 repression was attempted using intravenous application of FAM-tagged-LNA-anti-miR-21 (anti-21) in our humanized MH-model.

Results: Vascular miR-21 expression was suppressed by systemic anti-21 application. This correlated with a reduction of MH-development, luminal obliteration, and vascular SMC proliferation. Systemic anti-21 application did not impede vessel re-endothelialization. However, significant reduction of miR-21 expression in liver, heart, lung, and kidney were observed and serum creatinine was increased. Thus, systemic miRNA modulation caused substantial off-target effects. To minimize off target-effects, anti-21-eluting stents were utilized to suppress miR-21 locally. When compared to bare metal stents, anti-21-coated stents showed decreased in-stent restenosis rate (ISR). No off-target effects were observed with local anti-21 delivery.

Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated the efficacy of an anti-21-eluting stent for the reduction of ISR by inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation without causing off-target effects.


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