This page contains exclusive content for the member of the following sections: TTS, ITA. Log in to view.
Presenter: Maria, Hukkinen, Helsinki, Finland
Authors: Maria Hukkinen, Annika Mutanen, Mikko Pakarinen
Maria Hukkinen1,2, Annika Mutanen1,2, Mikko P. Pakarinen1,2.
1Pediatric Liver and Gut Research Group, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; 2Section of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Introduction: Adaptive small bowel (SB) dilatation is common in short bowel syndrome (SBS). Whether SB dilatation predisposes to bloodstream infections (BSI) or associates with mucosal damage or liver injury remains unknown.
Methods: Among SBS children (n=50), maximal SB diameter was measured in contrast series (n=179), expressed as ratio to fifth lumbar vertebra height (SB diameter ratio), and related to fecal calprotectin and plasma citrulline; markers of mucosal inflammation and mass, BSIs, liver biochemistry, and liver histology.
Results: Median length of remaining SB was 38 (interquartile range 25-60) cm, age at contrast series 1.04 (0.34-3.01) years, and SB diameter ratio 2.14 (1.65-2.71). Patients with pathological SB diameter ratio >2.17 predicting prolonged PN-dependence had increased fecal calprotectin (86 vs. 22, p=0.012), plasma bilirubin (8 vs. 6, p=0.033), gamma-glutamyl transferase (52 vs. 20, p<0.001), and aminotransferase concentrations (45 vs. 30; 59 vs. 42, p<0.001-0.019) while decreased plasma citrulline (15 vs. 26, p=0.033) compared to others. All BSIs occurred during parenteral nutrition (PN) and 48% (16/33) of them were caused by intestinal bacteria, cultured 15 times more frequently when SB diameter ratio exceeded 2.17 (Figure 1). In logistic regression, SB diameter ratio was the only predictor of intestinal BSIs (odds ratio 1.88, p=0.017). Histological cholestasis grade was higher when SB diameter ratio exceeded 2.17 vs. ≤2.17 (1.15 vs. 0.21, p<0.001), while cholestasis, portal inflammation, and fibrosis grades were higher in the presence of intestinal BSIs vs. no BSIs (Figure 2). In linear regression, histological cholestasis was predicted by intestinal BSIs, SB diameter ratio, and PN (β=0.36-1.29, p<0.001-0.014), while portal inflammation by intestinal BSIs only (β=0.61, p=0.021).
Conclusion: In pediatric SBS, SB dilatation relates with mucosal damage, BSIs of intestinal origin, and cholestatic liver injury, while BSIs of intestinal origin predict both histological cholestasis and portal inflammation. Results suggest the damaged mucosa of excessively dilated SB predisposes to bacterial translocation, which contributes to liver disease development.
By viewing the material on this site you understand and accept that:
The Transplantation Society
International Headquarters
740 Notre-Dame Ouest
Suite 1245
Montréal, QC, H3C 3X6
Canada