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Presenter: Lauren, Johansen, Lichfield, United Kingdom
Authors: Lauren Johansen1, Girish Gupte1, Khalid Sharif1, Darius Mirza1, Deirdre Kelly1, Patrick McKiernan1, Indra van Mourik1, Sue Beath1, Carla Lloyd1, Mitul Patel2, Jane Hartley1
Lauren Johansen1, Girish Gupte1, Khalid Sharif1, Darius Mirza1, Deirdre Kelly1, Patrick McKiernan1, Indra van Mourik1, Sue Beath1, Carla Lloyd1, Mitul Patel2, Jane Hartley1
1Liver Unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom; 2Microbiology Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) enteritis and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) related Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease (PTLD) can cause graft loss and mortality following paediatric intestinal transplantation (ITx). Currently there are no guidelines for viral-PCR monitoring post ITx.
Aim: To determine the role of monitoring for CMV and EBV viraemia post ITx.
Method: Retrospective case based analysis of all children undergoing ITx at a tertiary paediatric liver-unit. Children were defined as having viraemia if more than 500 viral copies were detected by PCR.
Results: 72 children had a primary ITx.
Number of Children |
Viral Donor-Recipient-Mismatch (D+R-) |
Median Time from Transplant in Days (Range) | Detected Through Screening | Median Tacrolimus Level in the Month Prior To Detection | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EBV Viraemia | 45(63%) | 7(16%) | 93(0-2144) | 34(76%) | 13.8 |
PTLD | 17(24%) | 4(24%) | 270(75-1310) | 2(12%) | 11.5 |
CMV Viraemia | 16(22%) | 9(56%) | 83(7-1508) | 7(44%) | 13.4 |
CMV Enteritis | 5(7%) | 3(60%) | 235(28-1508) | 3(60%) | 10.3 |
16 children developed EBV related PTLD. 1 child had EBV negative PTLD. 4 children died secondary to PTLD.
Following initial EBV detection 17 had a 10-fold increase in EBV-PCR levels; of these 10(59%) developed PTLD. Median time to 10-fold rise was 158 days.
12(75%) children who developed CMV viraemia had been treated for rejection. Median time from rejection to CMV viraemia was 29 days.
Summary:
Conclusion: CMV and EBV viraemia have non-specific symptoms therefore regular PCR screening ensures that viraemia is detected promptly, enabling optimal management.
Increased immunosuppression at the time of rejection increases the risk of viraemia. Anti-CMV viral prophylaxis should be optimised during rejection episodes.
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