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Presenter: Robert L., Fairchild, Cleveland, United States
Authors: Robert L. Fairchild
T-Cell Recruitment to Allografts and Tissue
Robert Fairchild, Department of Immunology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
Donor antigen-reactive T cell recruitment to allografts and infiltration through the vascular endothelial barrier into the graft tissue parenchyma are critical events in cell mediated acute rejection of organ and tissue allografts. Current paradigms propose that the synergistic activities of chemokines and adhesion molecules including adhesion molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin domain family direct the recruitment of T cells. Studies from our laboratory have indicated that the prior infiltration and activities of neutrophils and endogenous memory CD8 T cells with donor-reactivity promote the infiltration of effector CD4 and CD8 T cells primed from naïve precursors into the organ allografts. These studies have indicated an intricate early interaction between the neutrophils and the endogeous memory CD8 T cells. While chemoattractants for donor antigen-primed T cells such as CXCL9 and CXCL10 facilitate their recruitment to the graft they are not necessary for this recruitment. However, these chemokines do influence the development of the effector CD8 T cells with regards to the effector functions they express during acute cell mediated rejection. In contrast to T cell attractant chemokines, the function of the integrin LFA-1 plays a critical role in the infiltration of both neutrophils and endogenous memory CD8 T cells as well as the effector T cells into the allograft.
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