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Special IXA Feature

As part of the on-going collaboration between TTS and our official Sections, and in order to provide TTS members with an update on areas of the field represented by TTS Sections, content for this issue of the Pulse has been submitted by the International Xenotransplantation Association.

Our mission is to promote xenotransplantation as a safe, ethical, and effective therapeutic modality

Welcome from the International Xenotransplantation Association!

The xenotransplantation community is energized by our recent and hugely successful Geneva Congress. The field of clinical xenotransplantation is moving forward with a set of kidney and liver trials, with multiple new applications to regulatory authorities in process. Data from early clinical experiences suggests that more immune pathways are engaged in the host response to xenografts – uncovered following successful genetic alterations which have addressed some of the well-described target antigens of vascular rejection. Observations made in clinical studies demonstrate the importance of cytotoxic NK-cell and macrophage populations, delayed antibody and complement-mediated injuries and thrombotic microangiopathy. Immune pathways are beginning to be revealed using spatial transcriptomics and multi-omics.

Donate Life Egypt

A recent conference in Cairo (Donate Life Egypt) revealed the importance of determining where xenotransplantation fits into society and medicine at large. In societies where deceased organ donation may not be available due to structural or cultural limitations, xenotransplants may ultimately serve to address gaps in organ availability – if affordable in low- and middle-income countries. Each region must develop regulatory and financial frameworks and microbiological surveillance programs for xenotransplants that complement available allotransplantation resources. Harmonization of database elements will facilitate international collaborations. To this end, IXA is supporting work to develop workable standards for labeling of xenogeneic organs for clinical use.

IXA 2027 - Boston

We look forward to planning for the 2027

Congress in Boston where we will share preclinical and clinical data collected since the 2025 Congress. The IXA Board and our Committees will be defining standards for microbiological assays and screening of donor swine, immune pathways in clinical studies, ethical hurdles and sharing of important data as they emerge from our laboratories and clinics. As seen in the illustration, we are now growing special pigs that will be ready for our meeting! I hope all of you will be able to join us as xenotransplantation continues to blossom!

Best wishes,

2025 Highlights in Xenotransplantation

1 - Strong Scientific Exchange at IXA 2025

The 2025 International Xenotransplantation Association (IXA) Congress in Geneva brought together over 400 scientists and clinicians from 21 countries. The meeting highlighted cutting-edge research, international collaboration, and strategic planning for the next phase of translational work.

2 - Continued Success in Kidney Xenotransplants

Multiple centers have completed xenotransplants of genetically engineered pig kidneys into living recipients in 2025. Studies of pig xeno-livers are also underway in China and in clinical trials in the Unites States.

3 - Clinical Trials Begin for Gene-Edited Pig Kidneys

In 2025, the first regulated clinical trial testing gene-edited pig kidney transplants in patients with end-stage kidney disease was launched in the United States. This trial will include multiple participants and could expand if early outcomes are positive, signaling a major regulatory milestone toward making xenotransplantation a practical treatment option.

4 - Molecular Insights into Immune Rejection

Molecular Insights into Immune Rejection At the ESOT Congress 2025, researchers presented detailed mapping of the human immune response in pig-to-human kidney transplants, identifying key cellular players and potential therapeutic targets to prevent rejection. This kind of mechanistic science is essential for improving long-term outcomes.

5 - Expanded Regulatory Activity & Industry Trials

Beyond academic centers, biotechnology companies (e.g., United Therapeutics and eGenesis) received regulatory approvals to initiate clinical studies of pig-derived organs, reflecting industry momentum toward scalable xenotransplantation solutions.

6 - Progress in Other Organs

Gene-edited pig lungs were transplanted into a human recipient (brain-dead “decedent” recipients), providing new insights into lung xenotransplantation biology and supporting proof-of-concept in a previously untested organ system.
Xenotransplantation Journal

Comments From Dr. Leo Buhler, Editor

Xenotransplantation is the official scientific journal of our society and was established over 30 years ago in 1994. It is currently the only journal focusing on this topic. The journal publishes 6 online issues per year with original articles, reviews and commentaries on recent developments. The journal is available on line to our members. We would like to invite all TTS members who have new data of any aspect in the field to consider submitting these data to our journal.

VISIT THE Xenotransplantation JOURNAL TODAY
Exciting Work in the Field of Xenotransplantation

We look forward to having you join us in Boston for the 19th Congress of the International Xenotransplantation Association!

Fall 2027 -- confirmed dates to be determined

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